Perennials are those flowers which return year after year and depending on species flower in early, mid, or late season. In winter they die back to the ground. Perennials are treasured for their ability to grow larger and flower year after year. They’re also noted for their vibrant color, texture and in some cases seed heads. The following are fall blooming perennials which will add color to your garden late in the season.
Maryland Golden Aster (Coreopsis ) has a profuse number of small yellow flowers on slender stems. The plant grows to 1-2 feet in height. Infertile soil is fine if it is well drained. New plants can be started by dividing clumps in early spring.
Japanese Anemone (Anemone vitifolia) has beautiful pink blooms which resemble poppies from late summer to mid fall. The foliage of this 2’-3’ tall perennial is lobed and dark green. They prefer sun to partial shade and a moist nutrient rich soil. Avoid disturbing their roots except for propagation. Its dark green foliage complements the flowers well and benefits the garden all season.
Bugbane (Cimicifuga simplex) is a tall (3′ +) and provides beautiful long white flowers on stems which grow up from a finely cut fern like foliage. It prefers light shade and soil supplemented with organic matter and needs to be watered deeply in dry weather. Mulch in the fall with compost or cow manure. Divide in early spring to control size.
Joe Pye Weed (Eupatorium purpureum) is one of those natives we take for granted because we see it by the side of the road, but it makes a wonderful backdrop to a garden border. The newer Eupatoriums have been bred shorter and less weedy but the dense mop heads of mauve flowers still blend in beautifully in the fall garden.
Pink Turtlehead (Chelone lyonii) grows to about 3 feet and produces short spikes of pink flowers and its dense dark green leaves is attractive all season. Turtleheads are easy to grow, low maintenance, pest resistant. They prefer some shade and nutrient rich moist soils.
Nippon Daisy (Chrysantemum nipponicum) is a hardy border flower.Its white flowers are atop stems which grow to about 2′. Goldenrod (Solidago ‘Gold Dwarf’), a very easy to grow flower, produces an abundance of small yellow flowers which bloom in August and last throughout the fall. They prefer full sun or partial shade and grow well in poor quality soils. After three or four years goldenrod may out grow its spot require division.
Asters (Aster sp.) are wonderful late summer and fall blooming perennials for the sunny border. Many varieties begin flowering in late August and continue to bloom through early October. Asters range in height from 1 to 5 feet and its colors include brilliant pink, lavender, purple or white. Asters should be planted in full sun with well-drained soils.
Stonecrop (Sedum ‘Autumn Joy) is an easy to grow, fall blooming perennial. It grows tight clumps which grow larger year after year. Its flowers are tones of pink, bronze and red. If left standing they’ll turn a rusty brown which can add winter interest to the garden. With beautiful lush summer foliage, sedum ‘autumn joy’ is a garden asset all season long. New plants can be stated from stem cutting in summer or through division. Prefers full sun and well drained soil.
Black Eyed Susan (Rudbeckia fulgida) has bright yellow flowers on tall stems which bloom in mid-summer and last though early fall. They are very tolerant of poor soil and are able to withstand heat and drought conditions. The challenge with black eyed Susan isn’t growing them it’s keeping them from taking over your garden and as a result will require division every few years.
Purple Cone Flower (Echinacea purpurea) like blacked eyed Susan, blooms in summer and it flowers can add color to the garden through the fall. Echinacea works well in both the formal border and the wildflower meadow. The most common varieties are purple though white, pink and orange varieties are available. Leave the stems and seed heads standing at the end of the season to feed the birds and add striking winter interest.
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