Natural gardens utilize easy to grow, low maintenance native species of plants. These plants have adapted to certain environments and are generally self sustaining. They’ll need little, if any, fertilizer and no more water than is provided by rain. Natural gardens include a rich and diverse selection of plants. They introduce trees, shrubs and perennials not found in some gardens. Natural gardens also provide the landscape with a sense of place as they draw inspiration from the local landscape.
Woodland gardens mimic the natural characteristics of the forest and utilize native plant species. In the spring, perennials and bulbs bloom profusely in the dappled shade beneath deciduous trees which have yet to develop leaves. Once the leaves do develop the garden becomes shadier and the spring flowers give way to shade perennials and shrubs with rich varied foliage. In fall, after the colorful leaves drop to the ground, a second bloom will often brighten up the garden. Many native species of trees have winter characteristics which are often overlooked. The form of some trees, such as the birch or ironwood, is quite striking. Native shrubs, such as the arrowwood viburnum (Viburnum dentatum) form berries which attract birds. Woodland gardens also provide a shady respite from the hot afternoon sun of summer.
If you have the space consider incorporating wildflowers into your garden. Wildflower meadows are treasured for their easy maintenance and vibrant wide ranging colors as well as an increased awareness of seasonal change. Wildflower meadows are an ever changing landscape as some flowers survive for years while others may disappear and be replaced with something new. There are also environmental benefits to a wildflower meadow, including the reduced need for mowing and the creation of a habitat for native species of animals.
Natural gardens can be designed in cities as well. Planting a tree, such as a dogwood (Cornus florida), which creates dappled shade will allow a gardener to plant many native woodland perennials which can brighten up a small urban garden. Small native shrubs can be planted as well. The curving lines and lushness of a natural garden can be a refreshing contrast to the consistent geometry of the city grid.
If you already have a more traditional garden consider incorporating native perennials or shrub into your existing garden plan. Gardens which mimic the existing landscape or incorporate native plants are successful because they’re easy to care for and will grow well even in difficult environments. They’ve adapted to do so. Planting a natural garden can help restore the landscape, attract a variety of bird species and provide the garden with a wonderful mix of colorful plants.
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