Courtyard gardens are outdoor spaces which are enclosed on 3 or 4 sides. Generally courtyards are open to the sky though some incorporate garden structures, such as pergolas, on which to grow vines and to create shade. Most courtyards are small. There are, however, those, such as the ones found in urban areas between large buildings, which are quite large. Courtyard gardens are common in urban areas, where homes are closer together.
Some houses are designed to have a courtyard enclosed by the house so it can be seen from different angles and so that it appears to be part of the house. Courtyards that may not be big enough for use as a work or living area can simply be decorative feature. For most courtyards, patios with container plats are common.
As a result of its surrounding walls, a courtyard is commonly a private space. Its walls also provide shade and protection from wind, loud noise or unsightly views. During the hot summer months, courtyards which consist primarily of paved surfaces can get quite hot. This can be an advantage in cooler months, but during the summer it can get a bit uncomfortable. Reducing the size of the paved area and leaving space available for planting or employing the use of pergolas can provide shade and reduce the heat build up within a courtyard. The amount of shade a courtyard also depends on the size of the space and the height of the walls.
Watering the planted areas of a courtyard is especially important as they will often not get sufficient natural rainfall, particularly if there is some sort of arbor of garden structure above the space. This is also true for those plants that are close to walls or fences.
Water can also be made a feature of courtyard gardens, through birdbaths, or even small ponds or fountains.
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