Proper tree selection and proper planting techniques are essential to the success of newly planted trees. In spring, searching for new trees can be fun, yet with so many options, it can be difficult to choose. Studying your garden’s conditions (soil, sun/shade, wind exposure) will help narrow your options.
Prior to planting your new trees, determine the pH level and composition of your soil. Soil test kits are available at most greenhouse. Most trees will thrive when the pH level is between 5.8 and 6.5. It’s difficult for plants to get the nutrients they need if the level is too high or too low. To adjust a pH level which is too high, add aluminum sulfate. If the soil is acidic and the pH level too low add lime.
Soil composition is also an important factor when planting trees. Most trees don’t thrive in soils which are too sandy and dry or in poorly drained clay soil. For poorly drained clay soils, adding composted bark or other course textured organic material will improve drainage.
Sandy soils, which dry out quickly and lack nutrients, may require the addition of organic matter such as manure, compost and peat moss. It will increase the soils water retention ability. Use organic products with a earthy smell and a dark brown color.
Begin planting your tree by digging a hole at least twice the diameter of the root ball and just as deep. It’s important to be sure that the top of the root ball meets the garden’s existing grade. At the correct depth place the tree in the hole. If the tree is balled in burlap, pull the burlap away from the tree’s trunk and, since burlap in biodegradable, tuck it down beside the rootball. If your tree has been container grown container check the bottom of the container for roots often growing out of the drainage holes. These should be cut. If the plant has become root bound loosen the roots before planting. Backfill around the rootball with a mix of existing soil and soil conditioners. At about halfway, tamp the soil down lightly, water and let the soil settle. Finish backfilling, construct a saucer around the trunk of the tree and water again. Apply 2 to 3 inches of bark mulch around the trunk of the tree to prevent weeds and increase the soil’s water retention.
Planting trees in the spring gives them an entire growing season establish themselves in the garden. Hot dry weather can stress newly planted trees so monitor them and irrigate as needed. In general, trees are very low maintenance and with proper site preparation they can last generations.
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